Mining is not profitable in 2024. Most if not all the mining alt coins are not transferrable to USD currency, and every Bitcoin halving continues devastating miners who are already running at a loss.

These are the facts.

• A minimum to build in 2024, 1Ph/s = 1020 Th/s (255 Th/s × 4 = 1020 Th/s). Antminer S19 XP Hyd (255Th) from Bitmain mining SHA-256 algorithm with a maximum hashrate of 198Th/s ~ 255Th/s for a power consumption of 5304W per unit. These units range from $2,500 ~ $5,000. Four of these units cost $16,000 USD.
• These units consume, 5304W each. This alone should get you raided by the Police and thrown out of the country. The cost of electricity is 16.9c in the USA. $7904.30 per year per unit or $31,617.20 power bill per year.
• Potential earnings before halving, which occurs in April 2024. 0.05480020 BTC - 2717.75 USD per month, $32,613 per year. This is cut by 50% in April 2024 leaving, $16,307.

Moreover, the hash rate continues to go up, since Ethereum went POS, the hash rate is the only thing going to the moon in crypto. This requires new machines and more electricity, while the earnings go down with the halving and competition. Adding another unit each year costs approximately $12,000 per unit and electricity combined. Earnings for the additional per unit is $4,076.75 per year after the halving.

Miners wait around hoping for the price of Bitcoin to go up but they are caught in endless suffering.

1. https://whattomine.com/asic
2. https://www.asicminervalue.com/

Basically, a board with a chip on it duplicated as many times as one can resource.

Here is a schematic for a 2 chip version, keep adding chips.

You are not duplicating the board, rather the amount of chips on the single board.

You want to be doing or 6.00 Gh/s (gigahashes per second) to start, leading to 11 Th/s (terrahashes per second)+

The schematic for x6500 does 400 MH/s, (megahashes per second) or 0.4 Gh/s.

The Bitaxe Ultra BM1366 is standalone while the x6500 requires a USB port off a computer.

https://www.pcbway.com/project/shareproject/Bitaxe_Ultra_BM1366_Bitcoin_ASIC_Miner_05bcc753.html

https://github.com/skot/bitaxe

http://fpgamining.com/

1. Xilinx Virtex UltraScale+ VU9P: This is a high-end FPGA, and its price could be around $1,000 to $3,000 or more, depending on the package and configuration.
2. Intel Stratix 10 SX2800: As another high-end FPGA, the price could range from $1,500 to $3,000 or even higher.
3. Intel Arria 10 GX1150: This mid-range FPGA might be priced between $500 to $1,000.
4. Xilinx Kintex-7 FPGA: A mid-range device, its price could be in the range of $100 to $500, depending on the specific model and package.
5. Altera Cyclone V FPGA: This is a lower-end or entry-level FPGA, and its price might be around $50 to $200, varying based on the model and package.

Use ASIC miner chips.